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Congressional Documents: Impeachment

About

"The Constitution gives the House of Representatives the sole power to impeach federal officials, and it makes the Senate the sole court for impeachment trials. The power of impeachment can both remove someone from office and, should Congress vote to do so, also disqualify an impeached individual from holding future office. Fines and potential jail time for crimes committed while in office are left to civil courts." Impeachment, U.S. House of Representatives.

Contents

This guide contains a selection of (1) materials about the formal process for impeaching a U.S. President, and (2) materials documenting the major events in the impeachment (House) and trial (Senate) of a U.S. President (Trump, Clinton, Nixon, and Johnson). The focus of this guide is not on the evidentiary record.
Summary of proceedings by president
President House Senate
Impeachment
Resolution or Articles		 Result Trial begun Result
Trump, 2nd 2021 impeached, 2021 2021 not guilty, acquitted, 2021
Trump, 1st 2019 impeached, 2019 2020 not guilty, acquitted, 2020
Clinton 1998 impeached, 1998 1999 not guilty, acquitted, 1999
Nixon 1974 resigned before impeachment
vote in House, 1974		 n/a n/a
Johnson 1868 impeached, 1868 1868 not guilty, acquitted, 1868

Process for impeaching a U.S. President

In the House of Representatives

"Impeachment", U.S. House of Representatives.

Impeachment: Selected Materials on Procedure, House Committee on the Judiciary, committee print, January 1974. Y 4.J 89/1:IM 7/4. Available in HathiTrust and HeinOnline.

Constitutional grounds for Presidential impeachment; Report, by the Staff of the Impeachment Inquiry, House Committee on the Judiciary, committee print, 1974. Bowdoin Govt Doc Y 4.J 89/1:IM 7/3. Available in HathiTrust and HeinOnline.

Background and history of impeachment: hearing before the Subcommittee on the Constitution of the Committee on the Judiciary, 9 November 1998. Bowdoin Govt Doc Y4.J89/1:105/63. Available in HathiTrust and ProQuest Congressional.

Constitutional grounds for presidential impeachment: modern precedents: report, House Committee on the Judiciary, committee print, November 1998. Bowdoin Govt Doc Y 4.J 89/1:IM 7/17. Available in HathiTrust and HeinOnline

"Impeachment", in House Practice: A Guide to the Rules, Precedents, and Procedures of the House, House of Representatives, Chapter 27, 2017. Y 1.2:P 88/2/2017. Available in govinfo.

Impeachment Investigations: Law and Process, CRS Legal Sidebar LSB10347, 2 October 2019.

The Impeachment Process in the House of Representatives, CRS Report R45769, 14 November 2019.

Constitutional Grounds for Presidential Impeachment. House Judiciary Committee. House Committee Print. December 2019. Available in govinfo.

In the Senate

"About Impeachment", U.S. Senate.

Procedure and guidelines for impeachment trials in the United States Senate, S.Doc. 93-102, 8 August 1974. Y 1.1/3:93-102, Bowdoin Govt Doc Serial 13065. Available in HathiTrust and U.S. Congressional Serial Set.

Procedure and guidelines for impeachment trials in the United States Senate (revised edition) prepared pursuant to Senate Resolution 439, S.Doc. 99-33, 15 August 1986. Y 1.1/3:99-33, Bowdoin Govt Doc Serial 13666. Available in govinfo and U.S. Congressional Serial Set.

Impeachment of President William Jefferson Clinton: constitutional provisions; rules of procedure and practice in the Senate when sitting on impeachment trials; articles of impeachment against President William Jefferson Clinton; President Clinton's answer; and replication of the House of Representatives, S.Doc. 106-2, 13 January 1999. Y 1.1/3:106-2, Serial 14533. Available in govinfo and HathiTrust.

The Impeachment Process in the Senate, CRS Report R46185, 27 January 2021.

In General

Congressional Resolutions on Presidential Impeachment: A Historical Overview, CRS Report 98-763, 1998. Note: Many of the entries for the impeachments of Johnson and Nixon on this page are based on the events described in this report.

"Impeachment Power", in Guide to Congress, pp. 391-414. Bowdoin Main Ref JK1021 .C565 2008.

Impeachment and Removal, CRS Report R44260, 2015.

Impeachment and the Constitution, CRS Report R46013, 20 November 2019.

The Impeachment and Trial of a Former President, CRS Legal Sidebar LSB10565, 15 January 2021.

Impeachment in the U. S. Constitution

United States Constitution, available in govinfo.

Article I, § 2, clause 5: The House of Representatives shall chuse their Speaker and other Officers; and shall have the sole Power of Impeachment.

Article I, § 3, clauses 6-7: The Senate shall have the sole Power to try all Impeachments. When sitting for that Purpose, they shall be on Oath or Affirmation. When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside: And no Person shall be convicted without the Concurrence of two thirds of the Members present.
Judgment in Cases of Impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from Office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any Office of honor, Trust or Profit under the United States: but the Party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Punishment, according to Law.

Article II, § 2, clause 1: The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several States, when called into the actual Service of the United States; he may require the Opinion, in writing, of the principal Officer in each of the executive Departments, upon any Subject relating to the Duties of their respective Offices, and he shall have Power to grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offenses against the United States, except in Cases of Impeachment.

Article II, § 4: The President, Vice President and all civil Officers of the United States, shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors.

Article III, § 2, clause 3: The Trial of all Crimes, except in Cases of Impeachment; shall be by Jury; and such Trial shall be held in the State where the said Crimes shall have been committed; but when not committed within any State, the Trial shall be at such Place or Places as the Congress may by Law have directed.

Search or browse books at Bowdoin Library

Search Compass

Type or copy and paste exactly the following into the Compass keyword search box to search on materials on impeachment in the United States:
impeachment* AND "united states"

For materials on the impeachment of a particular president:
impeachment* AND clinton

Library of Congress Subject Headings

  • Impeachments -- United States.
  • Impeachments -- United States -- History.
  • Trials (Impeachment) -- United States.
  • Trials (Impeachment) -- United States -- History.
  • Presidents -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- United States.
  • Johnson, Andrew, 1808-1875 -- Impeachment.
  • Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994 -- Impeachment.
  • Clinton, Bill, 1946- -- Impeachment.
  • Trump, Donald, 1946- -- Impeachment.

Browse

Browse the shelves in HL (don't forget the Display Alcove) in these call number ranges:

E 666 Andrew Johnson's administration, including impeachment
E 860 Nixon administration: Watergate Affair, 1972-1974
E 861 Nixon administration: impeachment question and resignation
E 886.2 Clinton administrations, including impeachment
E 912 Trump administration, including impeachment
KF 4958 Congress: impeachment power and procedure
KF 5075 - KF 5076 President: impeachment

Find materials on impeachment

Scholarly

Trade

Newspapers

Other

  • HeinOnline > U.S. Presidential Impeachment Library. "Organized by the four affected presidents, this collection brings together a variety of documents both contemporaneous and asynchronous to each president's impeachment, presenting both a snapshot of the political climate as each impeachment played out and the long view history has taken of each proceeding. "

Donald John Trump, 2021, 2nd impeachment and trial

Compilations of Documents

Documents Relating to the Impeachment Process in the House of Representatives

In chronological order ...

  1. Report from the House Committee on Rules. Providing for consideration of the resolution (H.Res. 24) impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors. H.Rpt. 117-2. 12 January 2021. Available in govinfo.
  2. Providing for consideration of H.Res. 24, impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors. Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 13 January 2021, pp. H151- H165. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  3. House Resolution 41, Providing for consideration of the resolution (H.Res. 24) impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors. "Resolved, That upon adoption of this resolution it shall be in order without intervention of any point of order to consider in the House the resolution (H.Res. 24) impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors." H.Res. 41. Engrossed Bill. 13 January 2021. Available in govinfo.
  4. Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors. Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 13 January 2021, pp. H165- H192. The vote (Roll No. 17) is on p. H191. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  5. Appointing and authorizing managers for the impeachment trial of Donald John Trump, President of the United States. Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 13 January 2021, p. H192. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  6. House Resolution 40, appointing managers. "In the House of Representatives, U. S., January 13, 2021. Resolved, That Mr. Raskin, Ms. DeGette, Mr. Cicilline, Mr. Castro of Texas, Mr. Swalwell, Mr. Lieu, Ms. Plaskett, Mr. Neguse, and Ms. Dean are appointed managers to conduct the impeachment trial against Donald John Trump, President of the United States." H.Res. 40. Engrossed Bill. 13 January 2021. Available in govinfo.
  7. Article of Impeachment Against Donald John Trump. "In the House of Representatives, U. S., January 13, 2021. Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors." H.Res. 24. Engrossed Bill. 13 January 2021. Available in govinfo.

Documents Relating to the Impeachment Process in the Senate

In chronological order ...

  1. "Exhibition of Article of Impeachment Against Donald John Trump, President of the United States", Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 25 January 2021, pp. S124-S125. Available in govinfo.
  2. "Impeachment". Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 26 January 2021, pp. S140-S141. Available in govinfo.
  3. Oath administered to Senators. "Trial of Donald John Trump, President of the United States". Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 26 January 2021, pp. S142-S143. Available in govinfo.
  4. Test vote on point of order. "Therefore, I make a point of order that this proceeding, which would try a private citizen and not a President, a Vice President, or civil officer, violates the Constitution and is not in order." Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 26 January 2021, pp. S142-S143. Available in govinfo.
  5. Trial Memorandum of the United States House of Representatives in the Impeachment Trial of President Donald J. Trump, U.S. House of Representatives Managers, 2 February 2021. Available via Wayback Machine.
  6. Answer of President Donald John Trump, 45th President of the United States, to Article I: Incitement of Insurrection, 2 February 2021.
  7. Replication of the United States House of Representatives to the Answer of President Donald J. Trump to the Article of Impeachment, U.S. House of Representatives Managers. Via Wayback Machine.
  8. Trial Memorandum of Donald J. Trump, 45th President of the United States of America, 8 February 2021. Available via Wayback Machine.
  9. Reply Memorandum of the United States House of Representatives in the Impeachment Trial of President Donald J. Trump, U.S. House of Representatives Managers.
  10. Senate Resolution, "To provide for related procedures concerning the article of impeachment against Donald John Trump, former President of the United States". S.Res. 47. Agreed to Senate. 9 February 2021. Available in govinfo.
  11. "Providing for Related Procedures Concerning the Article of Impeachment Against Donald John Trump, Former President of the United States"; "Vote on S.Res. 47." Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 9 February 2021, pp. S589-S590. Available in govinfo.
  12. "Argument by the parties, equally divided, on the question of whether Donald John Trump is subject to the jurisdiction of a Court of Impeachment for acts committed while President of the United States, notwithstanding the expiration of his term in that office." "Order of Business." Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 9 February 2021, pp. S590-S609. Available in govinfo.
  13. Trial of Donald J. Trump, President of the United States Congressional Record (Daily ed.). Available in govinfo: 10 February 2021, pp. S615-S644; 11 February 2021, pp. S645-S666; 12 February 2021, pp. S667-S716; 13 February 2021, pp. S717-S733. Vote on Article I is on p. S733.

Other

Video of proceedings in Congress and other remarks from C-SPAN.

Donald John Trump, 2019-2020, 1st impeachment and trial

Compilations of Documents

Documents Relating to the Impeachment Process in the House of Representatives

In chronological order ...

  1. Letter from Pat A. Cipollone, Counsel to the President, to Nancy Pelosi, Eliot L. Engel, Adam B. Schiff, Elijah E. Cummings. 8 October 2019, p. 767. Cipollone opens the letter: "I write on behalf of President Donald J. Trump in response to your numerous, legally unsupported demands made as part of what you have labeled-contrary to the Constitution of the United States and all past bipartisan precedent-as an 'impeachment inquiry.' As you know, you have designed and implemented your inquiry in a manner that violates fundamental fairness and constitutionally mandated due process."
  2. Chairman Nadler Statement on Judiciary Committee Impeachment Procedures, 29 October 2019
  3. House Resolution 660 to continue ongoing investigations. "[...] directing certain committees to continue their ongoing investigations as part of the existing House of Representatives inquiry into whether sufficient grounds exist for the House of Representatives to exercise its Constitutional power to impeach Donald John Trump, President of the United States of America, and for other purposes". H.Res. 660, Engrossed in House, Passed 31 October 2019. Available in govinfo.
  4. House report accompanying H.Res. 660. Directing Certain Committees to Continue Their Ongoing Investigations as Part of the Existing House of Representatives Inquiry into Whether Sufficient Grounds Exist for the House of Representatives to Exercise its Constitutional Power to Impeach Donald John Trump, President of the United States of America, and for Other Purposes, House Committee on Rules. H.Rept. 116-266. 30 October 2019. Y 1.1/8:116-266. Available in govinfo.
  5. Hearings conducted by the House Select Intelligence Committee, 13-21 November 2019. (See sources under "Other" below.)
  6. "Report of Evidence in the Democrats' Impeachment Inquiry in the House of Representatives." Republican Staff Report Prepared For Devin Nunes, Ranking Member, Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence; Jim Jordan, Ranking Member, Committee on Oversight and Reform; Michael T. McCaul, Ranking Member, Committee on Foreign Affairs. 2 December 2019.
  7. The Trump-Ukraine Impeachment Inquiry Report; Report of the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, Pursuant to H.Res. 660 in Consultation with the House Committee on Oversight and Reform and the House Committee on Foreign Affairs. Released 3 December 2019. Via Wayback Machine. Final version published as H.Rept. 116-335, available in govinfo.
  8. House hearing, The Impeachment Inquiry into President Donald J. Trump: Constitutional Grounds for Presidential Impeachment, House Committee on the Judiciary, 4 December 2019. Available in govinfo.
  9. Constitutional Grounds for Presidential Impeachment. House Judiciary Committee. House Committee Print. December 2019. Available in govinfo.
  10. House Hearing, The Impeachment Inquiry into President Donald J. Trump: Presentations from the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence and House Judiciary Committee, 9 December 2019, Available in govinfo.
  11. House Resolution 755, including two Articles of impeachment. "Resolution impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors". H.Res. 755. Introduced in House. 10 December 2019. Available in govinfo.
  12. Report from the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence. Report of the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence on the Trump-Ukraine Impeachment Inquiry Report, together with Minority Views. House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence. H.Rept. 116-335. 11 December 2019. "This report reflects the evidence gathered thus far by the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, in coordination with the Committee on Oversight and Reform and the Committee on Foreign Affairs, as part of the House of Representatives’ impeachment inquiry into Donald J. Trump, the 45th President of the United States." p. ix. Available in govinfo.
  13. Markup Of: H.Res. 755, Articles of Impeachment Against President Donald J. Trump, House Committee on the Judiciary, 11-13 December 2019. Two articles of impeachment approved by the committee, 13 December 2019. 11 volumes. Available in govinfo.
  14. Leader Schumer, In Letter To Leader McConnell, Puts Forward Structure For A Fair And Honest Bipartisan Impeachment Trial In Senate; Schumer Proposed-Trial Structure Would Require Specific Documents And Testimony From Four Key Witnesses. Via Wayback Machine. Accompanied by Impeachment Trial of President Donald John Trump: Proposed Procedures. Senate Democrats, 15 December 2019.
  15. Report from the House Committee on the Judiciary recommending impeachment and proposing amended Articles of Impeachment, to accompany H.Res. 755. Impeachment of Donald J. Trump, President of the United States. Report of the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives, together with dissenting views, to accompany H.Res. 755. H.Rpt. 116-346. 15 December 2019. Available in govinfo.
  16. House Resolution 755, including two Articles of impeachment, amended. "Resolution Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors". H.Res. 755. Reported in House. 15 December 2019. Available in govinfo.
  17. House Resolution 767, setting "forth the rule for consideration of the resolution (H.Res. 755) impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors" (congress.gov). "Providing for consideration of the resolution (H.Res. 755) impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors". H.Res. 767. Reported in House. 17 December 2019. Available in govinfo.
  18. Report from the House Committee on Rules recommending adoption of H.Res. 767. Providing for Consideration of the Resolution (H.Res. 755) Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for High Crimes and Misdemeanors. H.Rept. 116-355. 17 December 2019. Available in govinfo.
  19. Letter from President Donald J. Trump to the Speaker of the House of Representatives, 17 December 2019.
  20. House Resolution 767 was debated, voted on, and passed the House. Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 18 December 2019, pp. H12115-H12130. The vote (Roll No. 694) is on p. H12130. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline. Summary of actions and recorded votes available in congress.gov.
  21. The two Articles of Impeachment in House Resolution 755 were debated, voted on, and agreed to in the House. Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 18 December 2019, pp. H12130-H12206. The votes (Roll No. 695 and Roll No. 696) are on pp. H12205-H12206. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline. Summary of actions and recorded votes available in congress.gov.
  22. House Resolution 755, including two Articles of impeachment. "Resolved, That Donald John Trump, President of the United States, is impeached for high crimes and misdemeanors and that the following articles of impeachment be exhibited to the United States Senate:" H.Res. 755. Engrossed in House. 18 December 2019. Available in govinfo. Summary of actions and recorded votes available in congress.gov.
  23. Nomination and election of managers. Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 15 January 2020, pp. H252-H258. The reading of the resolution appointing managers, H.Res. 798, is on p. H252. The vote (Roll No. 18) is on pp. H257-H258. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  24. Articles of Impeachment Against Donald John Trump (House Resolution 755, One Hundred Sixteenth Congress, First Session). "Resolved, That Donald John Trump, President of the United States, is impeached for high crimes and misdemeanors and that the following articles of impeachment be exhibited to the United States Senate:" H.Res. 755. Enrolled Bill. 16 January 2020. Available in govinfo. Summary of actions and recorded votes available in congress.gov.
  25. House Resolution 798, appointing and authorizing managers. "Appointing and authorizing managers for the impeachment trial of Donald John Trump, President of the United States." H.Res. 798. Enrolled Bill. 16 January 2020. Available in govinfo.

Documents Relating to the Impeachment Process in the Senate

In chronological order ...

  1. "Exhibition of Articles of Impeachment Against Donald John Trump, President of the United States" by House Manager Schiff. Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 16 January 2020, pp. S266-S267. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  2. Administration of the oath to John G. Roberts, Chief Justice of the United States. Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 16 January 2020, p. S268. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  3. Administration of the oath by the Chief Justice to the Senators. Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 16 January 2020, p. S268. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  4. Trial Memorandum of the United States House of Representatives in the Impeachment Trial of President Donald J. Trump, U.S. House of Representatives Managers, [18 January 2020]. Via Wayback Machine.
  5. "Answer of President Donald J. Trump", Jay Alan Sekulow and Pat A. Cipollone, 18 January 2020, in Proceedings of the United States Senate in the Impeachment Trial of President Donald John Trump, Part II, 116th cong., 2nd sess., S.Doc. 116-12, pp. 9-15. Available in govinfo.
  6. "Trial Memorandum of President Donald J. Trump", Jay Alan Sekulow, Pat A. Cipollone, et al., 20 January 2020, in Proceedings of the United States Senate in the Impeachment Trial of President Donald John Trump Volume I: Preliminary Proceedings, 116th cong., 2nd sess., S.Doc. 116-18, pp. 195-366. Available in govinfo.
  7. "Replication of the United States House of Representatives to the Answer of President Donald J. Trump to the Articles of Impeachment", U.S. House of Representatives Managers, 20 January 2020. Via Wayback Machine.
  8. Senate "Resolution to provide for related procedures concerning the articles of impeachment against Donald John Trump, President of the United States". Released 20 January 2020. Copy from the New York Times.
  9. Discussion of the rules of the impeachment trial for President Trump. Senate Resolution 483 was debated, voted on, and was agreed to in the Senate, "to provide for related procedures concerning the articles of impeachment against Donald John Trump, President of the United States". Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 21 January 2020 (into the morning of 22 January), pp. S287-S431. The debate on S.Res. 483 is on pp. S377-S431. The vote (Roll No. 26) is on p. S431. Available in govinfo. Summary of actions and recorded votes available in congress.gov.
  10. "Reply Memorandum of the United States House of Representatives in the Impeachment Trial of President Donald J. Trump", U.S. House of Representatives Managers, 21 January 2020. Via Wayback Machine.
  11. Senate Resolution, "To provide for related procedures concerning the articles of impeachment against Donald John Trump, President of the United States". S.Res. 483, Agreed to Senate. 22 January 2020. Available in govinfo.
  12. Opening statements of the House Managers (Day 1). Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 22 January 2020, pp. S443-S485. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  13. Opening statements of the House Managers (Day 2). Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 23 January 2020, pp. S487-S529. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  14. Opening statements of the House Managers (Day 3). Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 24 January 2020, pp. S531-S565. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  15. The President's counsels' presentation of their case (Day 1). Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 25 January 2020, pp. S567-S578. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  16. The President's counsels' presentation of their case (Day 2). Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 27 January 2020, pp. S579-S617. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  17. The President's counsels' presentation of their case (Day 3). Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 28 January 2020, pp. S619-S626. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  18. Senators ask questions of House Managers and of President's Counsel (Day 1). Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 29 January 2020, pp. S645-S691. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  19. Senators ask questions of House Managers and of President's Counsel (Day 2). Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 30 January 2020, pp. S693-S739. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  20. House Managers and President's Counsel argue whether to subpoena witnesses or documents, and other business. Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 31 January 2020, pp. S753-S772. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  21. Closing statements of the House Managers and the President's Counsel. Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 3 February 2020, pp. S773-S790. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  22. Senators explain their votes. Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 3 February 2020, pp. S790-S807. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  23. Senators explain their votes. Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 4 February 2020, pp. S813-S849. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  24. Senators explain their votes. Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 5 February 2020, pp. S871-S936, S940. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  25. Senators vote on Articles of Impeachment. Congressional Record (Daily ed.), 5 February 2020, pp. S936-S938. "The Senate, sitting as a Court of Impeachment, adjourned sine die", p. S939. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  26. Senators may give statements explaining their votes which appear in the Congressional Record (Daily ed.) 10 February through 26 February 2020. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.

Other

For transcripts, videos, and other materials, try:

William Jefferson Clinton, 1998-1999

Clinton

Source: "William J. Clinton. Addressing a joint session of the
Congress on the state of the Union, January 19", 1999, Public
Papers of the Presidents of the United States: William J. Clinton.
Available in govinfo.

Overviews

Congress and the Nation.
Govt Index JK411 .C6 (print)

  • Vol. X, 1997-2001, pp. 813-827, 1017-1021

CQ Almanac.
Govt Index JK1 .C66 (print)

  • "House of Representatives Casts Historic Vote To Impeach Clinton", 1998, pp. 12-3 - 12-53 (online)
  • Most of the articles in the Appendix, 1998, pp. D-13 - D-47 (online)
  • "President Clinton Survives Impeachment Trial; His Reputation Does Not", 1999, pp. 13-3 - 13-24 (online)
  • "Hyde's Summation: 'We Must Never Tolerate One Law for the Ruler And Another for the Ruled'", 1999, pp. D-13 - D-15 (online)
  • "Bumpers' Conclusion: The People 'Are Calling on You To Rise Above Politics ... Above Partisanship'", 1999, pp. D-16 - D-20 (online)
  • "House's Rationale for Witnesses: Testimony 'Will Lend Greater Coherence and Understanding'", 1999, pp. D-21 - D-23 (online)

Compilations of Documents

Impeachment of President William Jefferson Clinton - The Evidentiary Record Pursuant to S.Res. 16, S.Doc. 106-3. Y 1.1/3:106-3, Serial 14534-14545. Available in govinfo.
This document "contains all publicly available materials submitted to or produced by the Judiciary Committee of the House of Representatives". (Source: S.Doc. 106-4)

Proceedings of the United States Senate in the impeachment trial of President William Jefferson Clinton, S.Doc. 106-4. Bowdoin Govt Doc Y 1.1/3:106-4/v. 1-4. Serial 14545. Available in govinfo.
"This document contains the full record of the United States Senate proceedings in the impeachment trial of President William Jefferson Clinton."

Documents Relating to the Impeachment Process in the House of Representatives

In chronological order ...

  1. Debate and vote on H.Res. 581 to open the impeachment inquiry. Congressional Record (Bound edition), House, 8 October 1998, pp. 24679-24735. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  2. House Resolution 581. "Resolved, That the Committee on the Judiciary, acting as a whole or by any subcommittee thereof appointed by the chairman for the purposes hereof and in accordance with the rules of the committee, is authorized and directed to investigate fully and completely whether sufficient grounds exist for the House of Representatives to exercise its constitutional power to impeach William Jefferson Clinton, President of the United States of America", H.Res. 581, engrossed in House, 8 October 1998. Available in govinfo.
  3. Hearings conducted by the House Committee on the Judiciary between 9 November 1998 and 10 December 1998. Search ProQuest Congressional and/or HathiTrust, and/or browse govinfo.
  4. House Resolution 611, Articles of impeachment. "Impeaching William Jefferson Clinton, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors", H.Res. 611, reported in House, 15 December 1998. Available in govinfo.
  5. Report from the House Committee on the Judiciary recommending impeachment and proposing a Resolution and Articles of Impeachment, to accompany H.Res. 611. Impeachment of William Jefferson Clinton, President of the United States, H.Rept. 105-830, 16 December 1998. Bowdoin Govt Doc Y 1.1/8:105-830/corr, Serial 14526. Available in govinfo.
  6. Consideration of Articles of Impeachment (H.Res. 611). Congressional Record (Bound edition), House, 18-19 December 1998, pp. 27828-28014, 28035-28110. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  7. Votes on Articles of Impeachment (H.Res. 611). Congressional Record (Bound edition), House, 19 December 1998, pp. 28110-28112. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  8. Nomination and election of House Managers. Congressional Record (Bound edition), House, 19 December 1998, pp. 28112-28113. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.

Documents Relating to the Impeachment Process in the Senate

In chronological order ...

  1. House Resolution 611, Articles of impeachment. "Resolution Impeaching William Jefferson Clinton, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors". H.Res. 611, received in the Senate, 19 December 1998. Available in govinfo.
  2. Adminstration of the oath to Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist; Chief Justice administers oath to Senators. Congressional Record (Bound edition), Senate, 7 January 1999, p. 274. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  3. Senate Resolution 16, governing impeachment proceedings. "To provide for issuance of a summons and for related procedures concerning the articles of impeachment against William Jefferson Clinton, President of the United States", S.Res. 16, agreed to Senate, 8 January 1999. Available in govinfo.
  4. Senate Resolution 30, governing impeachment proceedings. "Relative to the procedures concerning the articles of impeachment against William Jefferson Clinton", S.Res. 30, agreed to Senate, 28 January 1999. Available in govinfo.
  5. Trial of William Jefferson Clinton. Congressional Record (Bound edition), Senate, 14 January 1999 - 8 February 1999, pp. 357-2026. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  6. House Managers' presentation of their case. Congressional Record (Bound edition), Senate, 14 January 1999, pp. 521-553. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  7. Presentation of case for the President. Congressional Record (Bound edition), Senate, 19-21 January 1999, pp. 1055-1221. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  8. Question-and-answer period (Day 1). Congressional Record (Bound edition), Senate, 22 January 1999, pp. 1244-1267. Available in govinfo.
  9. Question-and-answer period (Day 2). Congressional Record (Bound edition), Senate, 23 January 1999, pp. 1309-1333. Available in govinfo.
  10. Votes on Articles of Impeachment. Congressional Record (Bound edition), Senate, 12 February 1999, pp. 2376-2377. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.

Other

Video of proceedings in Congress and other remarks from C-SPAN.

The Starr Report. Referral from Independent Counsel Kenneth W. Starr in conformity with the requirements of Title 28, United States Code, section 595(c): communication from Kenneth W. Starr, independent counsel, transmitting a referral to the United States House of Representatives filed in conformity with the requirements of Title 28, United States Code, section 595(c). 11 September 1998. H.Doc. 105-310. Bowdoin Govt Doc Y 1.1/7:105-310, Serial 14495. Available in govinfo. Includes acts that may constitute grounds for an impeachment, pp. 129-210.
Appendices to the Referral to the United States House of Representatives Pursuant to Title 28, United States Code, Section 595(c) Submitted by the Office of the Independent Counsel. H.Doc 105-311. Y 1.1/7:105-311/PT.1-2, Serial 14496-14497. Available in govinfo.
Supplemental Materials to the Referral to the United States House of Representatives Pursuant to Title 28, United States Code, Section 595(c) Submitted by the Office of the Independent Counsel. H.Doc 105-316. Y 1.1/7:105-316/PT.1-3, Serial 14499-14501. Available in govinfo.

Richard Milhous Nixon, 1974

Source: Public Papers of the Presidents of
the United States: Richard M. Nixon..
Available in govinfo.

Overviews

Congress and the Nation.
Govt Index JK411 .C6 (print)

  • Vol. IV, 1973-1976, pp. 931-967

CQ Almanac.
Govt Index JK1 .C66 (print)

  • "Watergate Scandal Overview", 1973, pp. 1007-10. (online)
  • "Watergate Scandal Background", 1973, pp. 1011-13. (online)
  • "Chronology of Watergate Developments in 1973", 1973, pp. 1014-53. (online)
  • "The Impeachment Inquiry", 1974, pp. 867-902 (online)

Documents Relating to the Impeachment Process in the House of Representatives

In chronological order ...

  1. House Resolution 803. "Resolved, That the Committee on the Judiciary [...] is authorized and directed to investigate fully and completely whether sufficient grounds exist for the House of Representatives to exercise its constitutional power to impeach Richard M. Nixon", Congressional Record, House, 6 February 1974, pp. 2349-2350. Bowdoin Govt Doc X93/2:v.120 pt. 2. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  2. Vote on House Resolution 803. Congressional Record, House, 6 February 1974, pp. 2362-2363. Bowdoin Govt Doc X93/2:v.120 pt. 2. Available in govinfo and HeinOnline.
  3. Hearings conducted by the House Committee on the Judiciary between 1 May 1974 and 30 July 1974. Search HathiTrust and/or ProQuest Congressional.
  4. Hearings conducted by the House Committee on the Judiciary, 24-27, 29-30 July 1974. Debate on Articles of Impeachment, House Committee on the Judiciary. Bowdoin Govt Doc Y4.J89/1:Im7/9. Available in HathiTrust and ProQuest Congressional.
  5. Report from the House Committee on the Judiciary recommending impeachment and proposing a Resolution and Articles of Impeachment. Impeachment of Richard M. Nixon, President of the United States, H.Rept. 93-1305, 20 August 1974. Y 1.1/8:93-1305, Bowdoin Govt Doc Serial 13064-3. Available in HathiTrust and HeinOnline.

Other

Video of proceedings in Congress and other remarks from C-SPAN.

"Letter resigning the Office of President of the United States", Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States, 9 August 1974, p. 633. Govt Ref AE 2.114:1974/v. 1. Available in govinfo.

The final report of the Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities, United States Senate pursuant to S.Res. 60, February 7, 1973, a Resolution To Establish a Select Committee of the Senate To Investigate and Study Illegal or Improper Campaign Activities in the Presidential Election of 1972, S.Rpt. 93-981, June 1974. Y 1.1/5:93-981, Bowdoin Govt Doc Serial 13060-8. Available in HathiTrust and U.S. Congressional Serial Set.

Hearings conducted by Select Senate Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities, May - November 1973. Presidential Campaign Activities of 1972, S.Res. 60. Bowdoin Govt Doc Y4.P92/4:P92/, Bowdoin Govt Doc Y4.P92/4:P92/2/. Search ProQuest Congressional and/or HathiTrust, and/or browse govinfo.

Records of the Watergate Special Prosecution Force, 1971 -1977. Available in govinfo.

Grand Jury Report and Recommendation Concerning Transmission of Evidence to the House of Representatives (a.k.a. Watergate "Road Map"), released 31 October 2019. Available from National Archives and Records Administration.

United States v. Nixon, 418 U.S. 683 (1974). Available in HeinOnline and from Library of Congress.

Andrew Johnson, 1868

Andrew Johnson

Source: Andrew Johnson - President of the
United States. [No Date Recorded on
Shelflist Card.] Photograph.
https://www.loc.gov/item/2003655779/.

Overviews

Impeachment Trial of President Andrew Johnson, 1868, U.S. Senate.

Historic Background on the Impeachment and Trial of President Andrew Johnson, Library of Congress, American Memory.

Compilations of Documents

Proceedings in the Trial of Andrew Johnson, President of the United States, before the United States Senate, on Articles of Impeachment Exhibited by the House of Representatives. With an Appendix, Washington: Rives and Bailey, 1868. Available in HathiTrust and HeinOnline.

Documents Relating to the Impeachment Process in the House of Representatives

In chronological order ...

  1. Committee on Reconstruction recommends impeachment and reports an impeachment Resolution. Congressional Globe, House, 22 February 1868, p. 1336. Bowdoin Govt Doc X v. 39 pt. 2. Available in American Memory, HathiTrust, and HeinOnline.
  2. Vote on an impeachment Resolution. Congressional Globe, House, 24 February 1868, p. 1400. Bowdoin Govt Doc X v. 39 pt. 2. Available in American Memory, HathiTrust, and HeinOnline.
  3. Votes on Articles of Impeachment. Congressional Globe, House, 2-3 March 1868, pp. 1613-1619, 1638-1642. Bowdoin Govt Doc X v. 39 pt. 2. Available in American Memory, HathiTrust, and HeinOnline.
  4. Nomination and election of Managers. Congressional Globe, House, 2 March 1868, pp. 1618-1619. Bowdoin Govt Doc X v. 39 pt. 2. Available in American Memory, HathiTrust, and HeinOnline.

Documents Relating to the Impeachment Process in the Senate

In chronological order ...

  1. Presentation of Articles of Impeachment by the House Managers to the Senate. The Congressional Globe, Senate, 4 March 1868, p. 1647-1649. Bowdoin Govt Doc X v. 39 pt. 2. Available in American Memory, HathiTrust, and HeinOnline.
  2. Chief Justice administers oath. Congressional Globe, Senate, 5 March 1868, p. 1671. Bowdoin Govt Doc X v. 39 pt. 2. Available in American Memory, HathiTrust, and HeinOnline.
  3. Chief Justice administers oath. Congressional Globe, Senate, 6 March 1868, p. 1701. Bowdoin Govt Doc X v. 39 pt. 2. Available in American Memory, HathiTrust, and HeinOnline.
  4. Managers' statements. Supplement to the Congressional Globe Containing the Proceedings of the Senate Sitting for the Trial of Andrew Johnson, President of the United States, Senate, 30 March 1868, pp. 29-63. Bowdoin Govt Doc X v. 39 supplement. Available in American Memory, HathiTrust, and HeinOnline.
  5. Presentation of case for the President. Supplement to the Congressional Globe Containing the Proceedings of the Senate Sitting for the Trial of Andrew Johnson, President of the United States, Senate, 23 April 1868 - 2 May 1868, pp. 286-379. Bowdoin Govt Doc X v. 39 supplement. Available in American Memory, HathiTrust, and HeinOnline.
  6. Vote on Article of Impeachment. Supplement to the Congressional Globe Containing the Proceedings of the Senate Sitting for the Trial of Andrew Johnson, President of the United States, Senate, 16 May 1868, pp. 410-412. Bowdoin Govt Doc X v. 39 supplement. Available in American Memory, HathiTrust, and HeinOnline.
  7. Votes on Articles of Impeachment. Supplement to the Congressional Globe Containing the Proceedings of the Senate Sitting for the Trial of Andrew Johnson, President of the United States, Senate, 26 May 1868, pp. 412-415. Bowdoin Govt Doc X v. 39 supplement. Available in American Memory, HathiTrust, and HeinOnline.

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